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Aviva is a multinational insurance company headquartered in London, United Kingdom. The company's core business involves providing a wide range of insurance products, including life insurance, general insurance, and pensions, primarily catering to individual and corporate clients. Aviva operates predominantly in the UK, Ireland, and Canada, with a strategic focus on leveraging its scale and expertise to offer integrated insurance and investment solutions. The firm emphasizes its digital capabilities, seeking to offer simplified and efficient services to its customers. Aviva was founded in 2000 through the merger of CGU plc and Norwich Union, and it has since consolidated its position in the insurance sector through strategic divestments and streamlining its operations to focus on core markets.

Berkshire Hathaway is a holding company with a wide array of subsidiaries engaged in diverse activities. The firm's core business segment is insurance, run primarily through Geico, Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group, and Berkshire Hathaway Primary Group. Berkshire has used the excess cash thrown off from its operations to acquire Burlington Northern Santa Fe (railroad), Berkshire Hathaway Energy (utilities and energy distributors), and the companies that make up its manufacturing, service, and retailing operations (which include Precision Castparts, Lubrizol, Clayton Homes, Marmon, and IMC/ISCAR). The conglomerate is unique in that it is run on a completely decentralized basis.