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Tesco PLC is a British multinational grocery and general merchandise retailer headquartered in Welwyn Garden City, England. It operates as one of the largest retailers in the world, offering food, clothing, and household products across various store formats, including hypermarkets, supermarkets, and convenience stores. Founded in 1919 by Jack Cohen, Tesco has expanded its operations to multiple countries, primarily in Europe and Asia, with a significant presence in the UK and Ireland. The company is known for its Clubcard loyalty program, online shopping services, and private-label brands. Tesco's strategic positioning is bolstered by its extensive supply chain network, robust data analytics capabilities, and a broad product assortment tailored to diverse consumer needs.

Since its founding in 1962, Walmart has become the world's largest retailer, operating over 10,700 stores globally (including 4,600 namesake locations on its home turf and another 600 Sam's Club outlets) and growing its e-commerce presence, attracting 270 million customers weekly. In aggregate, the firm posted more than $713 billion in fiscal 2026 sales. Its core operations span three reporting segments: Walmart US (68% of fiscal 2026 sales), Walmart International (19%), and Sam's Club (13%).Within the US, nearly 60% of its $486 billion in fiscal 2026 revenue came from its grocery offerings, with another quarter from general merchandise. Internationally, Walmart's operations are concentrated in Mexico, though it also has budding exposure to India.