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KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. is a prominent company in the mining and metals industry, specializing in the extraction and processing of copper, precious metals, and other non-ferrous metals. Founded in 1961, KGHM is headquartered in Lubin, Poland, and operates mines in Poland as well as other international locations, including North and South America. The company's core operations include mining, smelting, and refining, with significant production of copper, silver, and other by-products. KGHM is strategically positioned with a vertically integrated business model that enhances its control over the production process, enabling efficiency and cost management. It is recognized for its extensive mineral resources and reserves, which contribute to its competitive strengths in the global market.

BHP is a global diversified miner mainly supplying iron ore and copper. The merger of BHP Limited and Billiton PLC created the present-day BHP Group. The dual-listed structure from the 2001 BHP and Billiton merger was collapsed in 2022. Major assets include Pilbara iron ore and Escondida copper. Onshore US oil and gas assets were sold in 2018, and the remaining petroleum assets were spun off and merged with Woodside in 2022, with BHP vesting the Woodside shares it received to BHP shareholders. It purchased copper miner Oz Minerals in fiscal 2023 and half of the Vicuña copper joint venture in fiscal 2025. It is entering the potash market through the development of its Jansen project in Canada. However, due to low prices, BHP placed its nickel business on care and maintenance in 2024.