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Cogent carries over one-fifth of the world's internet traffic on its network, providing high-capacity services to businesses. Cogent's netcentric customers, which contribute nearly half of total revenue, include internet service providers and content providers, to which Cogent provides internet transit service. They hand traffic to Cogent in data centers and rely on Cogent to deliver it. About half of netcentric revenue is from outside the US. Cogent's corporate customers are in high-rise office buildings, where the firm provides two types of connections: dedicated internet access, which connects them to the internet, and virtual private networking. Cogent's corporate customers are exclusively in North America and account for about 40% of the firm's revenue.

Cisco Systems is the largest provider of networking equipment in the world and one of the largest software companies in the world. Its largest businesses are selling networking hardware and software (where it has leading market shares) and cybersecurity software such as firewalls. It also has collaboration products, like its Webex suite, and observability tools. It primarily outsources its manufacturing to third parties and has a large sales and marketing staff-25,000 strong across 90 countries. Overall, Cisco employs 80,000 people and sells its products globally.