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Rio Tinto is a global diversified miner. Iron ore is the dominant commodity, with significantly lesser contributions from copper, aluminum, diamonds, gold, and industrial minerals. The 1995 merger of RTZ and CRA, via a dual-listed structure, created the present-day company. The two operate as a single business entity, with shareholders in each company having equivalent economic and voting rights. Major assets included the Pilbara iron ore operations, a 30% stake in the Escondida copper mine, 66%-ownership of the Oyu Tolgoi copper mine in Mongolia, the Weipa and Gove bauxite mines in Australia, and six hydro-powered aluminum smelters in Canada.

BHP Group Limited is a global resources company primarily involved in the exploration, production, and processing of minerals. The company operates in the natural resources industry, with significant activities in iron ore, metallurgical coal, and copper mining. BHP's operations are geographically diverse, with major assets located in Australia, North America, and South America. Its headquarters are situated in Melbourne, Australia. The company has a strategic focus on sustainable mining practices and technological innovation to enhance productivity and environmental stewardship. BHP's competitive strengths include its scale of operations, diversified asset portfolio, and strong supply chain network.