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PVA TePla AG, headquartered in Wettenberg, Germany, specializes in developing and manufacturing systems for high-temperature, vacuum, and plasma processes, as well as metrology solutions. The company's core offerings include vacuum heat treatment furnaces, crystal growing systems for silicon and germanium crystals, plasma systems for surface activation, and ultrasonic inspection systems for quality control in industries such as semiconductors, hard metals, and photovoltaics. Established in 1991, PVA TePla has expanded its global presence with subsidiaries across Europe, Asia, and North America. The company's strategic focus on integrating advanced materials and metrology technologies positions it to address challenges associated with digitalization, decarbonization, and mobility.

Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. is the world's largest dedicated chip foundry, with about 70% market share in 2025. TSMC was founded in 1987 as a joint venture of Philips, the government of Taiwan, and private investors. It went public in Taiwan in 1994 and as an ADR in the US in 1997. TSMC's scale and high-quality technology allow the firm to generate solid operating margins, even in the highly competitive foundry business. Furthermore, the shift to the fabless business model has created tailwinds for TSMC. The foundry leader has an illustrious base of customers, including Apple, AMD, and Nvidia, that look to apply its cutting-edge process technologies to their semiconductor designs. TSMC employs more than 83,000 people.